polymer
CAGE
recycling Plastic Recycling
science TRL 1-2: Hypothesis Stage

C.O.R.E.

Catalytic Organic Recycling Engine

A hypothesis for green catalytic plastic recycling using food-grade chemistry instead of toxic metal catalysts.

warning This is our most early-stage division. The approach described below is a hypothesis with chemical logic, but it is largely unproven. Read the full honesty section below.

The Problem

Plastic Recycling Is Broken

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400M+ Tonnes Per Year

Over 400 million tonnes of plastic produced annually. Less than 10% is recycled. The rest goes to landfills, incinerators, or the ocean.

SCALE: PLANETARY
science

Toxic Metal Catalysts

Current chemical recycling relies on zinc, tin, and titanium catalysts at extreme temperatures (180-300C). Metal catalyst disposal is itself an environmental problem.

CATALYST TOXICITY: HIGH
thermostat

Antimony in PET

Antimony trioxide, used as a catalyst in PET production, is a concern for recycled food-contact materials. Recycling PET back to food-grade is complicated by trace metal contamination.

FOOD SAFETY: CONCERN
Market Forces

Regulation Is Driving Demand

$6-10B
Chemical Recycling Market by 2030
25%
EU Mandated Recycled PET (2025)
30%
EU Mandated Recycled PET (2030)
£210.82
UK Plastic Tax per Tonne
corporate_fare

Corporate Commitments

Over 500 signatories to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation Global Commitment have pledged to increase recycled content. The demand for recycled plastic feedstock far exceeds current supply. UK plastic tax penalizes packaging with less than 30% recycled content at £210.82 per tonne.

The Approach

Food-Grade Catalytic Depolymerization

The idea: use food-grade bio-catalysts to break down polyester plastics at moderate temperatures, replacing toxic metal catalysts entirely.

swap_horiz CAGE Approach vs. Conventional

eco
Food-Grade Catalyst
Bio-catalytic platform using food-safe compounds instead of zinc, tin, or titanium
thermostat
Moderate Temperature (~130C)
Versus 180-300C for conventional metal-catalyzed processes
recycling
Target: PLA, Potentially PET
Starting with polylactic acid, with PET as the high-value stretch goal
compost
Biodegradable Catalyst
No toxic metal waste stream to manage after the process

compare Existing Approaches

Metal-Catalyzed (Zinc, Tin) TRL 7-8
Cost: $500-1500/ton
Temp: 130-300C
Catalyst: Toxic metals
Enzymatic (Carbios) TRL 7-8
Cost: $500-800/ton target
Temp: 50-72C
Status: Demo plant built
Mechanical Recycling TRL 9
Cost: $200-400/ton
Temp: N/A
Limit: Downcycles quality
Bio-Catalytic (CAGE Approach) TRL 1-2
Cost: Unknown
Temp: ~130C target
UNPROVEN
Extreme Honesty

What We Don't Know

We include this section because we believe in radical transparency. Here is exactly where the science stands.

warning

This Is a Hypothesis, Not Proven Technology

Everything below is what we think might work based on chemical logic. We have not demonstrated it. An experiment is planned but has not been run yet. We could be completely wrong.

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Very Limited Published Literature

There is very limited published literature on this specific approach to plastic depolymerization. We are not building on a well-established body of research. This is genuinely novel -- which means it could also be genuinely wrong.

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Experiment Planned, Not Run

We have designed an experiment and purchased the equipment, but we have not run it yet. We have zero experimental data of our own. Claims about performance are purely theoretical at this point.

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Plausible Chemistry, Unproven Application

The fundamental chemistry is plausible -- the catalytic mechanisms are well understood in other contexts. But applying these mechanisms to bulk polymer depolymerization is a different challenge entirely. What works in solution chemistry may not work on solid plastic.

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Key Technical Barriers

  • Mass transfer: How does a liquid-phase catalyst interact with solid plastic? Surface area, diffusion, and accessibility are major unknowns.
  • Catalytic rate: Even if the reaction occurs, it may be far too slow to be practical. Bio-catalysts are often orders of magnitude slower than metal catalysts.
  • Catalyst concentration: May require impractically high concentrations of catalyst to achieve meaningful depolymerization rates.
visibility

Why Is This On Our Website?

We include C.O.R.E. on our website because we believe in radical transparency. Most companies only show you what works. We think you deserve to see the full picture -- including the things we are still figuring out. If our experiment works, the results would be novel and we will share them. If it does not work, we will say so publicly.

IF It Works

What Would Make This Interesting

These are not claims. These are reasons we think the hypothesis is worth testing.

eco

Non-Toxic & Food-Safe

A catalyst you could literally eat. No toxic metal waste stream. No hazardous material handling. Biodegradable after use.

payments

Low-Cost Catalyst

Food-grade compounds are commodity chemicals produced at massive scale. If the process works, catalyst cost would be a fraction of specialty metal catalysts.

thermostat

Moderate Temperature

~130C vs. 180-300C for metal-catalyzed processes. Lower energy input means lower operating cost and smaller carbon footprint -- if the reaction actually works at this temperature.

science TRL 1-2: Hypothesis Stage

All of the Above Is Conditional

Every potential advantage listed above depends on the fundamental chemistry actually working for bulk polymer depolymerization. We do not yet know if it does. Green chemistry principles are only meaningful if the chemistry actually performs.

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